Chii chinonzi crusher?
Tisati tawana marudzi ese akasiyana emacrusher - tinoda kuziva kuti crusher chii uye kuti inoshandisirwei. A crusher muchina unodzikisa matombo makuru kuita matombo madiki, matombo kana huruva. Kupwanya kunonyanya kushandiswa mumigodhi uye maindasitiri ekuvaka, kwaanoshandiswa kuputsa matombo makuru kwazvo nematombo kuita zvidimbu zvidiki. Macrusher anowanzo shandiswa kumabasa senge kuputsa asphalt yebasa remumugwagwa kana mapurojekiti ekuputsa. Michina yekupwanya inouya muhukuru hwakasiyana-siyana uye kugona, kubva kune madiki madiki anopwanya shaya anodhura zvakafanana nerori nyowani kune mamwe makuru macrusher ayo anoita mamiriyoni emadhora. Nesarudzo iyi yese iwe uchada kuve nechokwadi chekuti iyo yaunosarudza ine simba uye kugona kunodiwa kune yako chaiyo purojekiti. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuva necrusher kwaunayo kunogona kuchengetedza nguva yakakura uye basa sezvo usingazoite zvakawanda zvekupwanya zvinhu iwe pachako. Izvi zvinovaita pfuma yakakosha kune chero munhu angangoda kupwanya zvinhu nekukurumidza uye nemazvo.
Nhoroondo pfupi yemacrusher
Patent yekutanga yeUnited States yemuchina wekupwanya dombo yaive muna 1830. Tekinoroji yayo yakakosha yaive pfungwa yesando yekudonha, yakawanikwa muchigayo chinozivikanwa chitambi, chaizoramba chichibatanidzwa nezera regoridhe rekuchera. Makore gumi gare gare, imwe patent yeUS yakapihwa kune inopwanya. Chigubhu chekare chaigadzirwa nebhokisi remapuranga, cylindrical dhiramu yemapuranga, yakasungirirwa sando dzesimbi. Nepo ese ari maviri patents akapihwa, hapana musiki akambotengesa zvigadzirwa zvavo.
Eli Whitney Blake akagadzira, ane patent, uye akatengesa yekutanga chaiyo rock crusher muna 1858, yaizivikanwa seBlake Jaw Crusher. Blake's crusher yaive nesimba zvekuti mamodheru anhasi achiri kufananidzwa nemagadzirirwo ake epakutanga. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo Blake Jaw Crusher yakabatanidza kiyi yemuchina musimboti - iyo yekuchinjisa yekubatanidza - pfungwa vadzidzi vemakanika vanozivikanwa nayo.
Muna 1881, Philetus W. Gates akagamuchira patent yeU. Muna 1883 VaBlake vakapikisa Mr. Gates kuti vapwanye 9 cubic yards yematombo mumakwikwi kuti vaone kuti ndiani anopwanya aizopedza basa nekukurumidza. Iyo Gates crusher yakapedza basa 40 maminetsi nekukurumidza!
Iwo maGates 'gyratory crushers aifarirwa neindasitiri yezvicherwa kweanoda kusvika makumi maviri emakore kusvika pakupera kwezana ramakore, munenge muna 1910, apo Blake's vanopwanya shaya vakaona kutangazve mukurumbira. Iko kudiwa kwemakororo ane muromo mikuru-kupwanya shaya kwakawedzera apo indasitiri yakatanga kunzwisisa kugona kwavo semapuya ekutanga mumatombo ematombo. Kuburikidza netsvakiridzo nebudiriro yaThomas A. Edison, michina mikuru yakagadziridzwa ikaiswa kutenderedza United States. Madiki-saizi anopwanya shaya akagadzirwa zvakare seyechipiri uye epamusoro crushers.
Zvidzidzo zvaEdison mukati memunda wemigodhi nekupwanya zvakasiya nhaka yakavandudza zvachose kuti matombo makuru uye zvinhu zvakaderedzwa sei.
Kupwanya (Crushing in English) inzira yekudzikisa kana kupwanya zvinhu zvakakura-kukura kuita zvinhu zvidiki-diki. Pane nzira ina dzinokosha dzekupwanya.
Impact: Kudhumhana kwepakarepo kwezvinhu zvakakura zvichipesana nechinhu chakaiswa pakati. Zvinhu zvese zviri zviviri zvinokwanisa kufamba kana kuti chimwe chinogona kunyarara apo chimwe chichirirova. Kune marudzi maviri makuru ekuderedza kukanganisa, giravhiti uye simba.
Attrition: Kukwesha zvinhu pakati penzvimbo mbiri dzakasimba. Iyi inzira yakakodzera pakudzikisa zvinhu zvishoma zvinokurisa nekuti inoshandisa simba shoma panguva yekuita. Zvinhu zvakasimba zvaisazoshanda zvakanyanya.
Kuveura: Kazhinji kusanganiswa nedzimwe nzira dzekudzikisa, kuveura kunoshandisa nzira yekuchekeresa uye inoshandiswa kana mhedzisiro yakaoma ichidiwa. Iyi nzira yekudzikisa inowanzoonekwa mukupwanya kwekutanga.
Kudzvanya: Chinhu chakakosha chemuchina chejaw crushers, kudzvanya kunoderedza zvinhu pakati penzvimbo mbiri. Huru kune dzakaomarara, zvinokwesha zvinhu zvisingakwane attrition crushers. Compression haina kukodzera chero chinhu chine tacky kana gummy.
Kusarudza iyo chaiyo mhando yekupwanya nzira kwakasarudzika kune ese ari maviri emhando yezvinhu zvauri kuputsa uye chigadzirwa chaunoda. Tevere, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza kuti ndeipi mhando yecrusher inonyatsokodzera basa racho. Kuchengeta kushandiswa kwesimba uye kushanda zvakanaka mupfungwa nguva dzose chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Kushandisa iyo isiriyo mhando yecrusher kunogona kutungamira kunonoka kunodhura uye kushandisa simba rakawanda kupfuura raitarisirwa panguva yekuita.
Ndezvipi zvakasiyana-siyana zvecrusher?
Kune akawanda emhando dzakasiyana dzemacrusher kubva kune majaw crushers kusvika kune impactors uye cone crushers. Kupwanya inzira inobatika uye rudzi rwekupwanya rwaunoda rwunotsamira pane 'danho' rekupwanya. Matanho matatu makuru ekupwanya ndeekutanga, echipiri, uye epamusoro - ese ane mabhenefiti azvo akasiyana. Kupwanya kwepuraimari kunosanganisira kushandisa chinhu chikuru sesimba rekutanga kuputsa matombo makuru uye akaomarara nematombo kuita zvidimbu zvidiki vasati vaenda padanho rechipiri. Kupwanya kwechipiri kunopwanya zvinhu zvakatopfuura zvisati zvaenda kudanho repamusoro, izvo zvinogadzira chigadzirwa chakanyanya kunaka icho chinogona kushandiswa mumapurojekiti akasiyana siyana. Imwe neimwe mhando yecrusher kune yega yega yekupwanya nhanho inotsanangurwa zvakadzama pazasi.
Primary kupwanya midziyo
Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, rudzi urwu rwekupwanya ndirwo rwekutanga mukuita. Run of Mine (ROM) zvinhu zvinounzwa zvakananga kubva kumapurojekiti ekuputika uye yakapwanyika yepuraimari crusher yemutambo wekutanga wekupwanya. Panguva ino, zvinhu zvinogashira kuderedzwa kwayo kwekutanga muhukuru kubva kune yayo mbishi. Primary kupwanya inogadzira zvinhu kubva50" kusvika 20"paavhareji. Iwo maviri makuru marudzi ekutanga crushers ndeaya:
Zvokupwanya shaya
Huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu zvinodyiswa mu "V-yakaumbwa" shaya yeiyi crusher uye inoderedzwa uchishandisa kumanikidza simba. Rimwe divi reV rinoramba rakamira apo rimwe divi reV richichinjika pariri. Izvo zvinhu zvinomanikidzwa kubva pakuvhura kwakakura kweV kusvika kune yakamanikana nzvimbo yeV ichigadzira inopwanya kufamba. Mashizha eshaya akakura, anorema-basa muchina anowanzo kugadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa uye/kana simbi. Kazhinji inoonekwa semuchina wekutanga, majaha anopwanya ane nzvimbo yawo muindasitiri. Anowanzo shandiswa kuderedza dombo kuita matombo asina yunifomu.
Gyratory crushers
Kumhanya kwezvinhu zvemugodhi kunoendeswa kune gyratory crusher's yepamusoro-level hopper. Madziro egiratory crusher's hopper ane mitsetse ye "V-shaped" zvidimbu, mantle uye concave, sechipwanya cheshaya asi chakaita sekoni. Ore inoburitswa nepaburi diki repazasi rinobuda rekoni. Nepo koni yacho isingafambe, kufamba kwemukati kudzvanya kunogadzirwa neshaft inotenderera padanda rakamira. Kuenderera mberi kwekuita kunogadzirwa kuchiita kuti ikurumidze kupfuura shaya inopwanya ine mashoma ekushandisa simba. Kazhinji idiki uye inodhura kupfuura yejaw crusher, ma gyratory crushers akakodzera huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu kana chimiro chakafanana chishuwo.
Secondary kupwanya midziyo
Mushure mekunge zvinhu zvaenda kunyangwe denderedzwa ravo rekutanga rekupwanya, ivo vanodyiswa mune yechipiri crusher kuti iparadzwe zvakare. Avhareji yesaizi yekupfenyura yechipiri inotangira kubva13" kusvika 4"panguva iyi. Kupwanya kwechipiri kunonyanya kukosha pakugadzira zvinhu zvakagadziridzwa zviri kuramba zvichishandiswa pamapurojekiti ehurumende. Semuenzaniso yakapwanyika zvinhu zvemugwagwa base uye kuzadza. Mhando huru dzemakina ekupwanya echipiri kugadzirisa anokurukurwa pazasi.
Cone crushers
Cone crushers ndeimwe yesarudzo huru dzekupwanya kwechipiri. Cone crusher muchina une simba unoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akakura-kupwanya marudzi akasiyana ezvigadzirwa kuita hukuru hudiki. Inoshanda nekuisa kumanikidza pazvinhu uye nekuidzvanya ichipokana nejasi rinotenderera kugadzira kumanikidza uye kumanikidza. Zvinhu zvakapwanyika zvinotanga zvaputswa kumusoro kwekoni uko zvinozowira pasi muchikamu chepasi chekoni chakanyanya nhete. Panguva iyi cone crusher inopwanya zvinhu zvakare kuita saizi diki. Izvi zvinoenderera kusvika zvinhu zvidiki zvekudonha kubva pakuvhurwa kwepasi. Zvishandiso kubva kucone crusher zvinogona kushandiswa kune akawanda mapurojekiti akasiyana anosanganisira mugwagwa pazvirongwa zvekuvaka, asphalt pavement resurfacing, kana mumakomba ematombo ekuvaka mugwagwa. Makoni anopwanya akakodzera zvepakati-zvakaoma uye zvakaoma zvinhu - senge mhandara dombo kubva kumakwari.
Roller crushers
Iyo roller crusher inoderedza zvinhu nekuimanikidza pakati pemasilinda maviri anotenderera, anoenderana kune mumwe nemumwe. Masilinda akaiswa akachinjika neimwe yakazorora pazvitubu zvine simba uye imwe yakarongedzwa zvachose. Zvinhu zvinobva zvadyiswa pakati pezviviri. Kushandura chinhambwe pakati pema rollers chinokubvumira kuti udzore saizi inodiwa yekubuda kwezvinhu. Silinda yega yega inogadziridzwa zviri nyore uye yakamisikidzwa nemanganese kwehurefu hwekupfeka kwenguva refu. Roller macrusher anowanzo buritsa yakanaka zvinhu zvinobuda uye haana kukodzera kune zvakaoma kana abrasive zvinhu.
Sando zvigayo uye ma impact crushers
Imwe yeanonyanya kuchinjika macrusher anowanikwa, nyundo zvigayo uye ma impactors anogona kunge ari ekutanga, echipiri, uye epamusoro crushers. Sando chigayo chinopwanya chinoshandisa sando inopfuurira kurova nekupwanya zvinhu. Iwo anowanzo kutenderera achitenderera mune yakavharirwa silinda casing. Sando dzakanamirwa kudhisiki uye kuzununguka ne centrifugal simba kurwisa casing. Material inodyiswa kumusoro uye yakapwanyika mapopoma negomba riri pazasi. Uchawana nyundo dzinogayo dziri kushandiswa mumaindasitiri akaita sekurima, zvekurapa, simba, nezvimwe. Vanopa mamwe emhando yepamusoro-zvinobuda zviripo, inotakurika, uye inogona kubata chero chinhu.
Impact crushers ine yakada kufanana yekushanda musimboti kunze kwekuti mativi anotenderera achirova zvinhu sesando, ivo panzvimbo pacho vanokanda zvinhu zvichipesana neplate yekukanganisa inoipwanya. Ivo zvakare vanouya mune yakachinjika kana yakatwasuka shaft masisitimu zvichienderana neinoda kubuda.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-02-2024