Nyika yezvicherwa yakadhonzwa kumativi ese muna 2023: kudonha kwemitengo yelithium, kushatirwa kweM&A chiitiko, gore rakashata recobalt uye nickel, maChinese akakosha mamineral mafambiro, rekodhi nyowani yegoridhe, uye kupindira kwenyika mukuchera pachiyero chisina kuonekwa mumakumi emakore. . Heino kuunganidzwa kwedzimwe nyaya hombe mumigodhi muna 2023.
Gore apo mutengo wegoridhe unoisa rekodhi yenguva yese inofanira kunge isina kuvharwa nhau dzakanaka dzeindasitiri yemigodhi nekuongorora, iyo kunyangwe paine ruzha rwakatenderedza simbi dzebhatiri uye shanduko yesimba.achiri kumiririra musana wemusika wejunior.
Misika yesimbi neyezvicherwa haina kusimba panguva dzakanakisa - iyo nickel, cobalt uye lithium mutengo wakadonha muna 2023 yaive yakanyanyisa asi isati yamboitika. Vagadziri vepasi vasingawanzo, boka replatinamu rinotarisa simbi, vateveri vesimbi, uye goridhe nesirivheri tsikidzi nekuda kwechinhu ichocho, zvakatonyanya kuipa.
Makambani emigodhi ave nani pakufamba mumvura dzine mavhiri, asi kuvharwa kwemumwe wemigodhi mikuru yemhangura kutanga mumakumi emakore achangopfuura kwakashanda sechiyeuchidzo chakasimba chenjodzi dzinotarisana nevacheri pamusoro pekushanduka-shanduka kwemusika.
Panama inovhara mugodhi mukuru wemhangura
Mushure memwedzi yekuratidzira uye kumanikidzwa kwezvematongerwo enyika, pakupera kwaMbudzi hurumende yePanama yakaraira kuvharwa kweFirst Quantum Minerals 'Cobre Panama mine zvichitevera mutongo weDare Repamusorosoro wakazivisa chibvumirano chemigodhi chekushanda.zvinopesana nemutemo.
Nhamba dzeveruzhinji dzinosanganisira muratidziri wemamiriro ekunze Greta Thunberg uye mutambi weHollywoodLeonardo Di Capriovakatsigira kuratidzira uyevakagovera vhidhiyokudaidzira kuti "mega mine" irege kushanda, izvo zvakakurumidza kuenda kuhutachiona.
Chirevo chekupedzisira cheFQM neChishanu chakataura kuti hurumende yePanama haina kupa hwaro hwepamutemo kukambani yeVancouver.kutevera chirongwa chekuvhara, chirongwa chakanzi nebazi rezvemaindasitiri munyika yepakati peAmerica chichasvitswa muna Chikumi gore rinouya.
FQMhas filedzviziviso zviviri zvekupopotedzana pamusoro pekuvharwa kwemugodhi uyu, uyo usiri kushanda kubva varatidziriyakavharira kupinda pachiteshi chayo chekutumiramuna October. Nekudaro, kukakavara kwaisazove kwakafarirwa nekambani, akadaro CEO Tristan Pascall.
Mushure memhirizhonga iyi, FQM yati yaifanira kunge yataura zviri nani kukosha kweiyo $ 10 bhiriyoni yemugodhi kuruzhinji rwevanhu, uye ikozvino ichapedza nguva yakawanda ichitaurirana nevePanamani pamberi pesarudzo yenyika gore rinouya. FQM migove yakakwira muvhiki rapfuura, asi ichiri kutengesa kupfuura 50% pasi peiyo yakanyanya kurova muna Chikunguru gore rino.
Kushomeka kwemhangura kunofungidzirwa kuti kunopera
Kudzima kweCobre Panama uye kukanganisika kwemashandiro kusingatarisirwe kuri kumanikidza makambani emigodhi yemhangura kuti ateme zvinobuda kwaona kubviswa kamwe kamwe kwematani mazana matanhatu ezviuru zvezvinhu zvinotarisirwa zvingaite, zvichiita kuti musika ubve pane wakawanda unotarisirwa kuti uende pachiyero, kana kuperevedza.
Makore mashoma aitevera aifanirwa kunge ari nguva yemhangura yakawanda, nekuda kwenhevedzano yemapurojekiti makuru anotanga kutenderera pasirese.
Tarisiro yeindastiri zhinji yaive yekuwedzera yakasununguka musika usati wasimba zvakare mushure memakore gumi aya apo kudiwa kuri kuwedzera.motokari dzemagetsiuyerenewable energy infrastructureinotarisirwa kubonderana nekushaikwa kwemigodhi mitsva.
Pane kudaro, indasitiri yezvicherwa yakaratidza kuti kupihwa kunogona kuve kwakadii - kungave nekuda kwekupikisa kwezvematongerwo enyika nemagariro, kuoma kwekugadzira mabasa matsva, kana kungoita dambudziko rezuva nezuva rekukwevera matombo kubva pakadzika pasi penyika.
Lithium mutengo wakafambiswa pakuwedzera kwekupa
Mutengo welithium wakadzikiswa muna 2023, asi kufanotaura kwegore rinouya kuri kure nerosy. Lithium inoda kubvamotokari dzemagetsiichiri kukura nekukurumidza, asi mhinduro yekugovera yakakurira musika.
Global lithium supply, zvakadaro, ichasvetuka ne40% muna 2024, UBS yakati pakutanga kwemwedzi uno, kusvika kumatani anopfuura miriyoni imwe nehafu yelithium carbonate yakaenzana.
Kubuda muvagadziri vepamusoro Australia uyeLatin Americabhanga iri rinoti richakwira nezvikamu makumi maviri nezviviri kubva muzana nezvikamu makumi maviri nezvipfumbamwe kubva muzana, ukuwo muAfrica richitarisirwa kuwedzera zvakapetwa kaviri, zvichikonzerwa nezvirongwa zviri muZimbabwe.
Kugadzirwa kweChinese kuchasvetuka 40% mumakore maviri anotevera, akadaro UBS, ichitungamirwa nechirongwa chikuru cheCATL kumaodzanyemba kweJiangxi.
Bhengi rekudyara rinotarisira kuti mitengo yeChinese lithium carbonate inogona kudonha neinopfuura makumi matatu muzana gore rinouya, ichidzika kusvika pamakumi masere nemazana masere emakumi masere emadhora yuan ($14,800) patani muna 2024, inosvika zviuru zana zvemadhora, yakaenzana nemitengo yekugadzira muJiangxi, nzvimbo huru yekugadzira yeChina. makemikari.
Lithium midziyo ichiri kudiwa zvakanyanya
Muna Gumiguru, Albemarle Corp.yakafamba kubva pakutora kwayo $4.2 bhiriyoniyeLiontown Resources Ltd., mushure mekunge mukadzi akapfuma weAustralia avaka vashoma vanovharira uye vakanyatso rova imwe yemabhatiri-simbi makuru madhiri kusvika parizvino.
Nechishuwo chekuwedzera chinopihwa chitsva, Albemarle yakanga yatevera chinangwa chayo chePerth kwemwedzi yakawanda, ichifunga nezvechirongwa chayo cheKathleen Valley - imwe yemadhipoziti anovimbisa muAustralia. Liontown yakabvuma kupihwa nekambani yekuUS "yakanakisa uye yekupedzisira" yeA $ 3 mugove munaGunyana - iri pedyo ne100% premium pamutengo pamberi pekutora kwaAlbemarle kwaitwa pachena munaKurume.
Albemarle aifanira kukwikwidzana nekuuya kwemushonga wemugodhi Gina Rinehart, saiye Hancock Prospecting.zvishoma nezvishoma kuvaka chikamu che19.9%.muLiontown. Svondo rapfuura, akave mutyairi mukuru mumwe chete, aine simba rakakwana rekuvharisa vhoti yevagovani pachibvumirano.
Muna Zvita, SQM yakabatana neHancock Prospecting kugadzira inotapira A $ 1.7 bhiriyoni ($ 1.14 bhiriyoni) yeAustralia yekugadzira lithium Azure Minerals, mapato matatu akadaro neChipiri.
Chibvumirano ichi chaizopa nyika nhamba.2 yekugadzira lithium SQM kudzika muAustralia ine chikamu muAzure's Andover project uye kudyidzana neHancock, iyo ine zvivakwa zvenjanji uye ruzivo rwemunharaunda mukugadzira migodhi.
Chile, Mexico inotora kutonga kwe lithium
Mutungamiri weChile, Gabriel Boric, akazivisa muna Kubvumbi kuti hurumende yavo ichaunza indasitiri yelithium yenyika pasi pehutongi hwehurumende, vachishandisa modhi iyo nyika ichabatana nemakambani kuitira kuti budiriro yenzvimbo ienderere mberi.
Themutemo wakamirirwa kwenguva refumunyika yechipiri pakukura mugadziri webhatiri simbi inosanganisira kusikwa kwekambani yenyika yelithium, Boric akadaro.paterevhizheni yenyika.
Mutungamiri weMexico, Andrés Manuel López Obrador munaGunyana, vakati nyika yeLithium chibvumirano iri kuongororwa, mushure mekunge Ganfeng yeChina mwedzi wapera yaratidza kuti mibvumirano yeLithium yeMexico yakadzimwa.
López Obrador akagadza zviri pamutemo nzvimbo dzekuMexico dzeLithium kutanga kwegore rino uye muna Nyamavhuvhu, Ganfeng akati zviremera zvemigodhi yeMexico zvakapa chiziviso kumasangano emunharaunda zvichiratidza zvipfumbamwe zvechibvumirano chazvo zvakamiswa.
Ndarama yekuvaka pane rekodhi-yakagadzika gore
Mutengo wenguva yemberi weNew York wegoridhe wakakwira zvakanyanya kutanga kwaZvita uye unoratidzika kunge uchapfuura nhamba yepamusoro inopinda mugore idzva.
Benchmark yemutengo wegoridhe weLondon yakakwira-nguva yese yemadhora zviuru zviviri nemakumi matanhatu neshanu pamusika wemasikati neChitatu, ichipfuura rekodhi yapfuura yemadhora zviuru zviviri nemakumi matanhatu neshanu yakagadzwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 2020, London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) yakati.
"Handifunge nezve kuratidzwa kwakajeka kwebasa regoridhe sedura rekukosha kupfuura kufarira uko vatengesi pasi rose vakashandura kuita simbi panguva yekusagadzikana kwehupfumi nezvematongerwo enyika," akadaro mukuru mukuru weLMBA, Ruth Crowell.
JPMorgan akafanotaura rekodhi nyowani kumashure muna Chikunguru asi yaitarisira kuti iyo nyowani yepamusoro ichaitika muchikamu chechipiri cha2024. Hwaro hwetarisiro yeJPMorgan ye2024 - kudonha kwemitengo yekuAmerica - inoramba iripo:
"Bhangi rine mutengo weavhareji wemadhora zviuru zviviri nemazana manomwe nemazana manomwe emadhora muchikamu chekupedzisira cha2024, nenjodzi dzakakwira kumusoro pakufungidzira kwekudzikira kweUS kungangoita imwe nguva Fed isati yatanga kudzikira."
Kunyangwe goridhe richikwira kumusoro, mari yekuongorora pasimbi inokosha yakanyudzwa. Ongororo yakaburitswa muna Mbudzi yakazara mabhajeti ekuongorora zvicherwa yakadonha gore rino kekutanga kubva 2020, ichidonha 3% kusvika $12.8 bhiriyoni kumakambani 2,235 akagovera mari yekutsvaga kana kuwedzera madhipoziti.
Zvisinei nemutengo wegoridhe unopenya, mabhajeti ekuongorora goridhe, ayo agara achifambiswa zvakanyanya nevejunior mining sector kupfuura chero imwe simbi kana chicherwa, akadonha ne16% kana $1.1 bhiriyoni gore-pa-gore kusvika pasi pemadhora matanhatu emabhiriyoni, inomiririra 46% ye huwandu hwepasi rose.
Izvo zvakadzika kubva pa54% muna 2022 pakati pekushandisa kwakakwira pa lithium, nickel uye mamwe masimbi ebhatiri, kuwedzera kwekushandisa uranium nepasi risingawanzo uye kukwira kwemhangura.
Gore reMigodhi reM&A, spin-offs, IPOs, uye SPAC zvibvumirano
Muna Zvita, fungidziro nezve Anglo American (LON: AAL)kuva chinangwa chekutorwanemukwikwidzi kana kambani yakazvimirira yekuenzanisa yakasimudzwa, sezvo kushaya simba mumigove yemugodhi akasiyana-siyana kwakaramba kuchienderera mberi.
Kana Anglo American ikasatendeutsa mashandiro uye mutengo wemugove ukaramba uchiderera, vaongorori veJefferies vanoti havagone "kubvisa mukana wekuti Anglo inobatanidzwa mukubatanidzwa kweindasitiri," sekureva kwavo tsvakiridzo.
Muna Gumiguru, vagoveri veNewcrest Mining vakavhota zvakasimba kuti vatambire mari inosvika mabhiriyoni gumi nemanomwe emadhora kubva kune guru guru rinochera goridhe reNewmont Corporation.
Newmont (NYSE: NEM) inoronga kukwidza madhora mabhiriyoni maviri emari kuburikidza nekutengeswa kwemigodhi uye kutsauswa kweprojekiti zvichitevera kutorwa. Kutorwa uku kunounza kukosha kwekambani kunosvika mabhiriyoni makumi mashanu emadhora uye kunowedzera migodhi mishanu inoshanda uye mapurojekiti maviri epamusoro kune portfolio yeNewmont.
Kuparadzana uye spin-offs zvakare chaive chikamu chikuru che2023 kukura kwemakambani.
Mushure mekurambwa kakawanda mukuda kwayo kutenga zvese zveTeck Resources, Glencore nemumwe wayo wekuJapan vari pachinzvimbo chirinani.kuunza bhiriyoni yemadhora mazana mapfumbamwe ekubhadhara chikamu chemarasha chemugodhi wekuCanadakusvika pakuvhara. Mukuru weGlencore, Gary Nagle, akatanga kukwikwidza kukambani yese akatarisana nekupikiswa kwakasimba kubva kuhurumende yeLiberal yaJustin Trudeau uye kubva kumutungamiri weBritish Columbia, kunova kunobva kambani.
Vale (NYSE: VALE) haisi kutsvaga shamwari itsva kune yayo base simbi unit zvichitevera kutengeswa kwazvino, asi inogona kufunga nezveIPOyeyuniti mukati memakore matatu kana mana, CEO Eduardo Bartolomeo akadaro muna Gumiguru.
Vale akatsvaga aimbova mukuru weAnglo American Plc Mark Cutifani muna Kubvumbi kuti atungamire bhodhi rakazvimirira kuti ritarisire madhora mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nematanhatu emhangura uye nickel unit yakagadzirwa muna Chikunguru apo kambani yevabereki vekuBrazil yakatengesa 10% kuSaudi fund Manara Minerals.
Migove yemuIndonesia yemhangura negoridhe mucheri, PT Amman Mineral Internasional, yakawedzera zvakapetwa kanopfuura kana kubva payakarongwa muna Chikunguru uye inotarisirwa kuramba ichikwira mushure mekuiswa mumisika mikuru yemisika ichiri kusimukira muna Mbudzi.
Amman Mineral's $715 miriyoni IPO yaive hombe muSoutheast Asia hupfumi hukuru gore rino uye yakaverengerwa pakudiwa kwakasimba nemari yepasirese neyemumba.
Haasi ese madhiri akafamba zvakanaka gore rino.
Yakaziviswa muna Chikumi, bhiriyoni imwe yemadhora masimbi inobata ne blank-cheque fund ACG Acquisition Co yekuwana.nickel yekuBrazil uye nemugodhi wendarira-goridhekubva kuAppian Capital, yakagumiswa munaGunyana.
Chibvumirano ichi chakatsigirwa naGlencore, mubereki weChrysler Stellantis neVolkswagen's bhatiri unit PowerCo kuburikidza nekudyara kwemari, asi sezvo mitengo yenickel yakadzikira pakave nekushaikwa kwekufarira kubva kune vashoma vanoisa mari padanho reiyo $300 miriyoni equity inopa iyo ACG yakaronga sechikamu che deal.
Hurukuro dzekutsvaga migodhi muna 2022 dzakakundikanawo mushure mekunge Sibanye-Stillwater akabuda mukambani iyi. Kutengeserana ikoko ndiyo yava nyayakutongwa kwemutemomushure mekunge Appian amhan’ara mari inosvika bhiriyoni imwe nemazana maviri emadhora achipikisa mushandi wemugodhi wekuSouth Africa.
Nickel nosedive
Muna Kubvumbi, Indonesia's PT Trimegah Bangun Persada, inozivikanwa zviri nani seHarita Nickel, yakakwidza 10 trillion rupiah ($672 miriyoni) mune yaimbove yakakura kwazvo yekuIndonesia kupa kwekutanga kwegore.
Harita Nickel's IPO yakakurumidza kushanduka kuvava kune vanoisa mari, zvisinei, sezvo mitengo yesimbi yakapinda mukudzika uye kuderera kwenguva refu. Nickel ndiyo inonyanya kuita pakati pemasimbi epasi, ingangoita hafu mukukosha mushure mekutanga 2023 kutengesa pamusoro pemadhora makumi matatu ezviuru patani.
Gore rinouya harisi kutaridzika zvakanaka kumhangura yadhiabhorosi pamwe nemugadziri wepamusoro Nornickel achifanotaura kuwedzera kwakawedzera nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemagetsi kubva kumotokari dzemagetsi uye kukwira-up kunowanikwa kubva kuIndonesia, iyo inouyawo neyakakora yecobalt:
"...nekuda kwekuenderera mberi kwekudonha muEV supply chain, chikamu chikuru chemabhatiri e-non-nickel LFP, uye nechikamu chekuchinja kubva kuBEV kuenda kuPHEV kutengesa kuChina. Zvichakadaro, kutangwa kwemaitiro matsva eIndonesian nickel kwakaenderera mberi nekukurumidza.
Palladiumzvakare yakave negore rakaomarara, richidzika neanopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvitatu muna 2023 kunyangwe yakanonoka kubhadhariswa kubva kune akawanda-year lows yakatanga kutanga kwaZvita. Palladium yakapedzisira kutengeswa pamadhora zana nemakumi mashanu paawanzi imwe chete.
China inochinjisa yayo yakakosha mineral muscle
Muna Chikunguru China yakazivisa kuti ichamisa kutengesa kunze kwenyikasimbi mbiri dzakadzikama asi dzakakoshamukuwedzera kwehondo yekutengeserana pane tekinoroji neUS neEurope.
Beijing yakati vanotengesa kunze kwenyika vachada kunyorera marezinesi kubazi rezvekutengeserana kana vachida kutanga kana kuenderera mberi nekutumira gallium negermanium kunze kwenyika uye vachazofanirwa kuzivisa nezvevatengi vekunze nezvikumbiro zvavo.
China ndiyo yakanyanyisa sosi yesimbi mbiri - inoverengera 94% yegallium supply uye 83% yegermanium, sekureva kweEuropean Union ongororo yezvakakomba zvinhu gore rino. Masimbi maviri aya ane huwandu hwakakura hwehunyanzvi hunoshandiswa pakugadzira chip, michina yekutaurirana uye kudzivirira.
Muna Gumiguru, China yakati yaizoda mvumo kunze kwenyika kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvegraphite kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwenyika. China ndiyo iri pamusoro pasi rose inogadzira magirafu uye inotengesera kunze. Iyo zvakare inokwenenzvera inodarika 90% yegirafu yepasirese kuita zvinhu izvo zvinoshandiswa mune angangoita ese maEV bhatiri anode, inova chikamu chakachajwa zvisina kunaka chebhatiri.
US minersakati danho reChina rinosimbisa kukosha kweWashington kuregedza maitiro ayo ekuongorora marezenisi. Chinenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chegraphite inodyiwa muUnited States inobva kuChina, sekureva kweAlliance for Automotive Innovation, inomiririra makambani ekutengesa emotokari.
Muna Zvita, Beijing yakarambidza kutengeswa kunze kwenyika tekinoroji kugadzira magineti epasi asingawanzo nemusi weChina, ichiwedzera kurambidzwa kwagara kuri panzvimbo yetekinoroji kuburitsa nekuparadzanisa zvinhu zvakakosha.
Rare earths iboka remasimbi gumi nemanomwe anoshandiswa kugadzira magineti anoshandura simba kuita mafambiro ekushandisa mumotokari dzemagetsi, maturbine emhepo nemagetsi.
Nepo nyika dzekuMadokero dziri kuyedza kutanga dzadzorare earth processing operations, kurambidzwa kunotarisirwa kuve nekukanganisa kukuru kune iyo inonzi "heavy rare earth," inoshandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi emotokari, zvigadzirwa zvezvokurapa uye zvombo, uko China ine inongoita monopoly pakunatsa.
Chekutanga:Frik Els | www.mining.comNguva yekutumira: Zvita-28-2023